Forest economics13 min read
What to Plant in Latvia: 117,000 Mature Private Stands by Real Yield per Hectare
Textbooks say plant pine. Real VMD data on 117,000 mature private stands tells a different story: black alder on a 50-year rotation delivers the best NPV thanks to its short cycle, and pine only pays off in central Latvia and Kurzeme. A species-by-species breakdown of return per hectare.