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When selling standing timber, the effective tax rate is 7.5%. When selling forest land, it's 25.5% on the capital gain. The difference comes down to one legal question: what exactly are you selling. We break down both regimes with worked examples.
The calculator shows €100,000 standing, the buyer offers €58,000, and both are right. The gap between a theoretical valuation and a real transaction price is five concrete discounts. We break down each one with real numbers from a VMD sample.
A brother and sister inherit 12 hectares of forest. One wants to sell, the other doesn't. What happens next isn't decided by a family agreement — it's decided by the Civil Law: a right of first refusal, a two-month window, and a redemption right that can unwind a deal already signed.
VMD inventory data carries enough information for an owner to build a first-pass standing-timber value without an intermediary. This article walks through the G×H×f formula and where its limits lie.
In a single year coniferous pulpwood rose by almost half while birch veneer logs dropped 18%. The 'price of timber' is not one number — it is a basket of assortments. Here is what is rising in 2026, what is falling, and how to tell whether it is a good moment for your stand.
After the largest forest-land deal in Latvian history, IKEA-linked Ingka Investments now holds about 230,000 ha of Latvian forest. Separately, Inter IKEA bought roughly 24,000 ha in the Baltics. Here is what happened and what it actually changes for buyers and sellers.
On the Latvian private forest market, every second unprepared buyer falls into at least one pitfall: overpays, inherits someone else's obligations, loses access. Ten concrete categories of risk with instructions on where to find them before signing.
99,489 ha of mature spruce in Latvia's private forests sit inside the bark beetle's working range. Regional damage rates differ by 4.6×. What VMD data shows and what owners need to do before spring.
Selling cirsma is not a capital gain — it is income from the use of property, taxed at 10 %. Cirsma and harvested roundwood are two different transactions with 25 % and 50 % expense allowances, so the effective burden is 7.5 % and 5 %. Five scenarios with numbers and links to the tax authority's own guidance.
The familiar narrative of a roughly even state-versus-private split does not match the VMD data. Measured by forest compartments, private ownership outweighs the state by a factor of 2.17. Within the private sector, concentration is extreme: the top 1% of owners hold 44% of the area. We break down ownership across 276,011 cadastres.
Contrary to a widespread belief, revisiting cadastral values in Latvia has not raised property tax on forest. Since 2025 two values are kept apart: the fiscal one, which the tax is calculated from and which stays at its previous level, and the universal one, which tracks the market but does not affect tax. Here is what that means for a forest owner.
According to the Latio index for 2025, mature conifer forest in Latvia costs about €24,000/ha, while forest land after a clear-cut costs €1,600–2,800/ha. The stand sets the price first; region and logistics move it within that corridor.
